"Powers and principalities" can apply to both angelic and devilish beings, but more often in the New Testament to devilish beings. "Dunamis" is used by the Apostle Paul to refer to spiritual beings in Romans 8:38 Ephesians 1:21, 3:10, 6:12 and Colossians 1:16, 2:10, 2:15.
In the New Testament, the Greek term "Dunamis" (translated by some as "Power") suggests a class of exalted spiritual beings perhaps parallel to the "chief Princes" (Sar rishown) in the Old Testament, of which the Archangel Michael is stated to be one(Daniel 10:13). This agrees with Isaiah 11:2–3 if "the Spirit of the Lord" is recognized as categorical and "the delight in the fear of the Lord" is added. The Holy Spirit manifests in humankind through these graces, reflecting the seven spirits of God. Īn alternative view is that the seven graces("charisma") of Romans 12:6–8 reflect the seven spirits of God. The reference to the lamb in Revelation 5:6 relates it to the Seven Spirits which first appear in Revelation 1:4 and are associated with Jesus who holds them along with seven stars. Including the Spirit of the Lord, and the Spirits of wisdom, of understanding, of counsel, of might, of knowledge and of fear of the LORD, here are represented the seven Spirits, which are before the throne of God. As it is written: "The Spirit of the LORD shall rest upon him, the Spirit of wisdom and understanding, the Spirit of counsel and might, the Spirit of knowledge and of the fear of the LORD, and He will delight in the fear of the Lord." Isaiah 11:2–3 (NASB). In one interpretation, the "Seven Spirits" represent the sevenfold ministry of the Spirit as depicted in the Book of Isaiah. Interpretations The sevenfold ministry of the Spirit Revelation 5:6: And I beheld, and, lo, in the midst of the throne and of the four beasts, and in the midst of the elders, stood a Lamb as it had been slain, having seven horns and seven eyes, which are the seven Spirits of God sent forth into all the earth. Revelation 4:5: And out of the throne proceeded lightnings and thunderings and voices: and there were seven lamps of fire burning before the throne, which are the seven Spirits of God.
Revelation 1:4: John to the seven churches which are in Asia: Grace be unto you, and peace, from him which is, and which was, and which is to come and from the seven Spirits which are before his throne Revelation 3:1: And unto the angel of the church in Sardis write These things saith he that hath the seven Spirits of God, and the seven stars I know thy works, that thou hast a name that thou livest, and art dead. The seven Spirits of God ( Greek: τα επτα πνευματα του θεου, ta hepta pneumata tou theou) are mentioned four times in the Book of Revelation, and in the Book of Isaiah it names each Spirit. 2.1 The sevenfold ministry of the Spirit.
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